TY - CHAP
T1 - Chapter 8
T2 - Organ-on-chip Systems: An Emerging Platform for Toxicity Screening of Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, and Nanomaterials
AU - Waseem, Hassan
AU - Williams, Maggie R.
AU - Stedtfeld, Robert D.
AU - Stedtfeld, Tiffany M.
AU - Shanker, Rishi
AU - Hashsham, Syed A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Basic Research Program (NIEHS SBRP P42ES04911).
Publisher Copyright:
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Organ-on-chip systems are the emerging in vitro tools to study the effect of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and nanomaterials on various organs. They combine key functional characteristics of various human organs with specialized microfluidic platforms to evolve systems that mimic the biochemical, metabolic, genetic, and functional characteristics of their target organs. A number of model systems are now available for lung, heart, liver, kidney, heart, brain, gut, bone, and others. More recently, several such systems are being merged together to obtain multiorgan and body-on-chip systems. These systems at present, although primitive, help model the sequential fate of chemicals when exposed to various types of cells and tissues. Using these systems, the toxicity of pharmaceuticals, dyes, proteins, enzymes, and nanomaterials have been studied in a controlled environment. This chapter summarizes some of these organ-on-chip studies, illustrating their key features and benefits. Studies that provide step-by-step fabrication protocols are also highlighted. The chapter concludes with a summary of chemicals and pharmaceuticals that have been studied so far using various organ-on-chip systems.
AB - Organ-on-chip systems are the emerging in vitro tools to study the effect of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and nanomaterials on various organs. They combine key functional characteristics of various human organs with specialized microfluidic platforms to evolve systems that mimic the biochemical, metabolic, genetic, and functional characteristics of their target organs. A number of model systems are now available for lung, heart, liver, kidney, heart, brain, gut, bone, and others. More recently, several such systems are being merged together to obtain multiorgan and body-on-chip systems. These systems at present, although primitive, help model the sequential fate of chemicals when exposed to various types of cells and tissues. Using these systems, the toxicity of pharmaceuticals, dyes, proteins, enzymes, and nanomaterials have been studied in a controlled environment. This chapter summarizes some of these organ-on-chip studies, illustrating their key features and benefits. Studies that provide step-by-step fabrication protocols are also highlighted. The chapter concludes with a summary of chemicals and pharmaceuticals that have been studied so far using various organ-on-chip systems.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85038398397&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/9781782623922-00203
DO - 10.1039/9781782623922-00203
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85038398397
T3 - Issues in Toxicology
SP - 203
EP - 231
BT - Nanotoxicology
A2 - Shanker, Rishi
A2 - Anderson, Diana
A2 - Dhawan, Alok
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
ER -