@article{c1798fe5920d41a2a24d2c68ae54a26b,
title = "Clinical development of immuno-oncology in China",
author = "Wu, {Da Wei} and Huang, {Hui Yao} and Yu Tang and Yang Zhao and Yang, {Zhi Min} and Jun Wang and Wang, {Shu Hang} and Yue Yu and Yuan Fang and Hong Fang and Ying Bai and Chao Sun and Qi Fan and Yu, {An Qi} and Wang, {Huan Ling} and Du, {Chun Xia} and Kun Chen and Huang, {Ming De} and Yin Zhang and Ning Li and Xu, {Bing He} and Yan Sun and Jie He",
note = "Funding Information: Using the national authoritative database for drug clinical trials submitted to the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), from Jan 1, 2010, to Dec 31, 2019, a total of 365 immuno-oncology clinical trials and 103 tested immunotherapies were identified ( appendix p 1 ). Among the 365 trials, 265 (73%) were sponsored by domestic pharmaceutical industries and 100 (27%) were funded by overseas enterprises. The annual number of initiated immunotherapy trials increased from 2010 to 2019 (Mann-Kendall test, p=0·0008), with an average annual growth rate of 70% ( appendix p 1 ). A substantial increase of 363% in the number of initiated trials occurred in 2016 compared with 2015. There were 148 (41%) phase 1 trials, 79 (22%) phase 2 trials, and 137 (38%) phase 3 trials (phase was unknown for one trial). The annual number of newly tested (novel) immunotherapies also showed a significant increase over time (p=0·0023), with an average annual growth rate of 49% ( appendix p 1 ). The positive growth shows the progress made by the biopharmaceutical industry in China since 2015. 2 However, this growth brought enormous challenges to domestic clinical development. ",
year = "2020",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30329-6",
language = "English",
volume = "21",
pages = "1013--1016",
journal = "The Lancet Oncology",
issn = "1470-2045",
number = "8",
}