Abstract
In this chapter, we review the role of epigenetics in stem cell proliferation and differentiation and how this may impact the potential use of stem cells to treat various neurodegenerative diseases. We describe the basic role of epigenetics in the human brain and how it may affect neuropathology, as well as the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development of various stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, induced pluripotent, and neural stem cells, and hematopoietic stem cells. In addition, the therapeutic roles of stem cells for treating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington disease, Parkinson disease, Rett syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, multiple sclerosis, and glioblastoma are explored. The goal of the chapter is to help increase our understanding of epigenetics of stem cell biology, given that this is fundamentally important for designing stem-cell-based therapies with regards to maximizing efficiency and long-term efficacy, while reducing adverse effects which comprise the most critical criteria for translating the stem cell therapy from the bench to the bedside.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Handbook of Epigenetics |
| Subtitle of host publication | The New Molecular and Medical Genetics, Third Edition |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Pages | 381-401 |
| Number of pages | 21 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780323919098 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780323919500 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2022 |
Keywords
- Epigenetics
- Huntington disease
- Parkinson disease
- Rett syndrome
- glioblastoma
- hematopoietic stem cell
- induced pluripotent stem cell
- mesenchymal stem cell
- multiple sclerosis
- neural stem cell
- neurodegenerative disease
- spinocerebellar ataxia
- stem cell
