Mechanical ventilation for neonates

Nithi Fernandes; Sanjay Chawla

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83738-9_8

Mechanical ventilation for neonates

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

Abstract

Common indications for the need for respiratory support in neonates include respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to surfactant deficiency, apnea of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), meconium aspiration syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, pulmonary hypoplasia due to congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart disease, and encephalopathy affecting respiratory drive and airway control. Differences in size, maturity, developmental stage, anatomy and physiology need to be taken into account while providing respiratory support. RDS occurs due to deficiency of surfactant which decreases the compliance and causes hypoxemia due to ventilation-perfusion mismatch due to atelectasis. Administration of surfactant is effective in treating RDS.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Mechanical Ventilation in Neonates and Children
Subtitle of host publication	A Pathophysiology-Based Management Approach
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Pages	129-155
Number of pages	27
ISBN (Electronic)	9783030837389
ISBN (Print)	9783030837372
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83738-9_8
State	Published - Jan 1 2022

Keywords

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Mechanical ventilation
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Neonate
Respiratory distress syndrome
Surfactant
Transient tachypnea of newborn
V:Q mismatch

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10.1007/978-3-030-83738-9_8

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abstract = "Common indications for the need for respiratory support in neonates include respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to surfactant deficiency, apnea of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), meconium aspiration syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, pulmonary hypoplasia due to congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart disease, and encephalopathy affecting respiratory drive and airway control. Differences in size, maturity, developmental stage, anatomy and physiology need to be taken into account while providing respiratory support. RDS occurs due to deficiency of surfactant which decreases the compliance and causes hypoxemia due to ventilation-perfusion mismatch due to atelectasis. Administration of surfactant is effective in treating RDS.",

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KW - Mechanical ventilation

KW - Meconium aspiration syndrome

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KW - Respiratory distress syndrome

KW - Surfactant

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KW - V:Q mismatch

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Mechanical ventilation for neonates

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