Myths and misconceptions about exercise-associated muscle cramping

The cause of EAMCs is likely multifactorial and caused by changes in the neuromuscular system (16,18). This multifactorial nature may explain why somany myths exist regarding treatment and prevention of EAMCs. Our care of athletes prone to EAMCs must be evidence based and extend beyond cookie-cutter recommendations (e.g., drink more fluids containing electrolytes). Clinicians should study their cramp-prone athletes to identify the unique risk factors that make them prone to EAMCs. For example, the athlete could keep a "cramp journal" and document the events that preceded EAMCs (e.g., diet, hydration, exercise duration and intensity, sleep, environmental conditions). Once trends in risk factors emerge, clinicians should target those factors with treatments and prevention strategies.