TY - JOUR
T1 - Thermoregulatory and perceptual effects of a percooling garment worn underneath an American football uniform
AU - Keen, Megan L.
AU - Miller, Kevin C.
AU - Zuhl, Micah N.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Central Michigan University’s Office of Research and Graduate Studies and Honor’s Program for funding this investigation; Mr. Michael McPike, MS, for donating the football equipment for this study; and QorePerformance Inc., for supplying the arm bands, shorts, and cold packs. The results of this study did not benefit any 1 company or individual, and this study does not constitute an endorsement of QorePerformance by the authors or the NSCA. This study was funded by Central Michigan University’s Office of Research and Graduate Studies and Honor’s Program.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 National Strength and Conditioning Association.
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Keen, ML, Miller, KC, and Zuhl, MN. Thermoregulatory and perceptual effects of a percooling garment worn underneath an American football uniform. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 2983–2991, 2017—American football athletes are at the highest risk of developing exertional heat illness (EHI). We investigated whether percooling (i.e., cooling during exercise) garments affected perceptual or physiological variables in individuals exercising in the heat while wearing football uniforms. Twelve male participants (age = 24 6 4 year, mass = 80.1 6 8.5 kg, height = 182.5 6 10.4 cm) completed this cross-over, counterbalanced study. On day 1, we measured peak oxygen consumption (V_ O2). On days 2 and 3, participants wore percooling garments with (ICE) or without (CON) ice packs over the femoral and brachial arteries. They donned a football uniform and completed 3, 20-minute bouts of treadmill exercise at;50% of peak V_ O2 (;338 C,;42% relative humidity) followed by a 10-minute rest period. Ice packs were replaced every 20 minutes. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE), thermal sensation, and thirst sensation were measured before and after each exercise bout. Environmental symptoms questionnaire (ESQ) responses and urine specific gravity (Usg) were measured pretesting and after the last exercise bout. V_ O2, change in heart rate (DHR), and change in rectal temperature (DTrec) were measured every 5 minutes. Sweat rate, sweat volume, and percent hypohydration were calculated. No interactions (F17,187 # 1.6, p $ 0.1) or main effect of cooling condition (F1,11 # 1.4, p $ 0.26) occurred for DTrec, DHR, thermal sensation, thirst, RPE, ESQ, or Usg. No differences between conditions occurred for sweat volume, sweat rate, or percent hypohydration (t11 # 0.7, p $ 0.25). V_ O2 differed between conditions over time (F15,165 = 3.3, p, 0.001); ICE was lower than CON at 30, 55, and 70 minutes (p # 0.05). It is unlikely that these garments would prevent EHI or minimize dehydration in football athletes.
AB - Keen, ML, Miller, KC, and Zuhl, MN. Thermoregulatory and perceptual effects of a percooling garment worn underneath an American football uniform. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 2983–2991, 2017—American football athletes are at the highest risk of developing exertional heat illness (EHI). We investigated whether percooling (i.e., cooling during exercise) garments affected perceptual or physiological variables in individuals exercising in the heat while wearing football uniforms. Twelve male participants (age = 24 6 4 year, mass = 80.1 6 8.5 kg, height = 182.5 6 10.4 cm) completed this cross-over, counterbalanced study. On day 1, we measured peak oxygen consumption (V_ O2). On days 2 and 3, participants wore percooling garments with (ICE) or without (CON) ice packs over the femoral and brachial arteries. They donned a football uniform and completed 3, 20-minute bouts of treadmill exercise at;50% of peak V_ O2 (;338 C,;42% relative humidity) followed by a 10-minute rest period. Ice packs were replaced every 20 minutes. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE), thermal sensation, and thirst sensation were measured before and after each exercise bout. Environmental symptoms questionnaire (ESQ) responses and urine specific gravity (Usg) were measured pretesting and after the last exercise bout. V_ O2, change in heart rate (DHR), and change in rectal temperature (DTrec) were measured every 5 minutes. Sweat rate, sweat volume, and percent hypohydration were calculated. No interactions (F17,187 # 1.6, p $ 0.1) or main effect of cooling condition (F1,11 # 1.4, p $ 0.26) occurred for DTrec, DHR, thermal sensation, thirst, RPE, ESQ, or Usg. No differences between conditions occurred for sweat volume, sweat rate, or percent hypohydration (t11 # 0.7, p $ 0.25). V_ O2 differed between conditions over time (F15,165 = 3.3, p, 0.001); ICE was lower than CON at 30, 55, and 70 minutes (p # 0.05). It is unlikely that these garments would prevent EHI or minimize dehydration in football athletes.
KW - Dehydration
KW - Heart rate
KW - Oxygen consumption
KW - Rectal temperature
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044150728&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002207
DO - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002207
M3 - Article
C2 - 28858055
AN - SCOPUS:85044150728
VL - 31
SP - 2983
EP - 2991
JO - Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
JF - Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
SN - 1064-8011
IS - 11
ER -